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India-Pakistan Ceasefire: What Happened and What’s Next
Early in May 2025, tensions between India and Pakistan increased significantly. Along the border and along the Line of Control (LoC), both nations engaged in drone attacks, heavy fire, and missile exchanges. On May 10, 2025, the two sides agreed to a ceasefire following four days of fierce fighting. This article describes what transpired during the conflict, what led to the ceasefire, and what both countries may face in the future.
How the Fighting Started
The trouble began after a deadly attack in Pahalgam, Kashmir, on April 22. Armed men killed 26 Hindu tourists. India blamed Pakistan-based groups for the attack, but Pakistan denied any role. In response, India launched “Operation Sindoor” on May 7. The Indian Air Force used BrahMos missiles to strike terrorist camps and military bases in Pakistan and Pakistan-controlled Kashmir. Important bases like Chaklala, Sargodha, Jacobabad, Bholari, and Skardu were hit. These attacks damaged Pakistan’s military and caused panic in their defense circles.
Ceasefire Agreement
After four days of fighting, the United States and over 30 other countries helped India and Pakistan reach a ceasefire. US President Donald Trump announced the deal. India & Pakistan, both had agreed to stop all military actions on land, air, and sea from the 1oth May evening. Military leaders from both sides spoke directly and confirmed the agreement.
People living near the border felt relief and hoping to return home. However, the situation stayed tense, and security forces remained on high alert, especially in Jammu and Kashmir and Rajasthan.
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Ceasefire Violations and Accusations
Just hours after the ceasefire began, explosions and drone sightings happened in Jammu and Kashmir and Gujarat. India said Pakistan broke the ceasefire and responded with force. Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri said India took these violations very seriously and called on Pakistan to act responsibly. Pakistan denied this and blamed India for the violations. Both sides insisted they wanted peace but kept blaming each other for the breaches.
Impact on Civilians
On both sides, the fighting claimed the lives of over 60 people. Numerous families living close to the border were forced to relocate and take refuge in safer locations. People were optimistic when the ceasefire was declared. However, they were once more alarmed by fresh explosions and drone sightings. Residents in towns like Poonch and Srinagar described fear and uncertainty. Many wondered if the ceasefire would last this time.
Political and International Response
The United Nations and countries like Bangladesh, Qatar, Turkey, and the UK welcomed the ceasefire. The US praised both countries for stopping the fighting. Pakistan thanked the US for its role and said it wanted to solve the Kashmir issue peacefully. Indian leaders, including Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, said Operation Sindoor showed India’s strong stand against terrorism. He stressed that India only targeted militants and military sites, while Pakistan attacked civilians and religious places.
Some Indian political leaders called for meetings to discuss the crisis and questioned if India had allowed third-party mediation. Former Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Mehbooba Mufti urged both countries to start a political process for lasting peace.
Water Dispute and Other Actions
India kept the Indus Waters Treaty suspended, which controls river water sharing with Pakistan. India opened gates of the Salal and Baglihar dams, raising flood risks in Pakistan’s border areas. Both countries kept trade bans and other measures in place.
Security and the Road Ahead
Security forces stayed on high alert, especially in Jammu and Kashmir and Rajasthan. Armoured units and air defense systems remained ready. After the first few violations, no major firing was reported overnight. The situation is tense but mostly calm now.
Conclusion
The ceasefire has stopped large-scale fighting for now, but trust remains low. Both sides accuse each other of breaking promises. People on both sides want peace and a chance to return to normal life. The world is watching to see if India and Pakistan can keep the peace and start talking about deeper issues, especially Kashmir and water sharing.